Size: 250 mL
Flourish Nitrogen is a concentrated (15,000 mg/L) blend of nitrogen sources. It provides nitrogen in both the nitrate form and the plant-preferred ammonium form.

KEY FEATURES:
Nitrogen supplement for the planted aquarium
15,000 mg/L blend of nitrogen sources
Provides nitrogen in both the nitrate form and the ammonium form
DIRECTIONS:
Beginner
Use 2.5mL (half a cap) for each 160L (40 US gallons) twice a week or as needed in response to signs of nitrogen deficiency (e.g. stunted growth, chlorosis). For smaller doses, please note that each cap thread is approximately 1mL.

Expert
The beginner dose raises nitrogen by the same degree that 1 mg/L nitrate would. This dose is sufficient to provide approximately 4g of growth (dry) or about 20g (hydrated) over a 1 month period (assuming all other necessary nutrients are provided). For increased growth use proportionately more.

To target a specific nitrogen increase, dose according to the following formula: 0.25vn=m, where v= volume of tank in gallons, n=desired nitrogen increase (if using a “nitrate equivalent” value for “n” then use a factor of 0.05 instead of 0.25 in the formula) and m=volume of product to use in mL. For example to raise 20 gallons by 0.20 mg/L nitrogen you would use: 0.25*20*0.20=1mL.

Size: 7 kg
Flourite Black Sand is a specially fracted stable porous clay gravel for the natural planted aquarium. Its appearance is best suited to planted aquaria, but may be used in any freshwater aquarium environment. Flourite Black Sand is most effective when used alone as an integral substrate bed, but it may be mixed with other gravels. Gravel modifiers such as laterite are not necessary.

KEY FEATURES:
Premium natural sand for the planted aquarium
Good for the life of the aquarium
DIRECTIONS:
Although it is pre-washed, because Flourite Black Sand is a natural product, it may become dusty in transit and require rinsing before use to remove any residual dust.

When adding water to aquarium, fill slowly to avoid disturbing Flourite Black Sand substrate bed. Place a bowl in the aquarium and add water directly to the bowl, allowing water to overflow softly on to the gravel bed. Initial cloudiness is normal. To remove cloudiness, use mechanical filtration (such as filter floss). Use Clarity to accelerate clearing.

Size: 250 mL
Flourish Excel is a source of bioavailable organic carbon. All plants require a source of carbon. This is typically obtained from CO2, but, may also be derived from simple organic compounds.

KEY FEATURES:
Bioavailable organic carbon source for the planted aquarium
Use as an alternative to CO2 injection or in addition to it
Introduces photosynthetic intermediates
DIRECTIONS:
On initial use or after a major (> 40%) water change, use 1 capful (5mL) for every 40L (10 US gallons). Thereafter use 1 capful for every 200L (50 US gallons) daily or every other day. For smaller dosing please note that each cap thread is approximately 1mL.

Size: 300 g
Alkaline Buffer is a non–phosphate buffer to raise pH and alkalinity (KH) and buffer with Acid Buffer. These buffers are designed for the planted aquarium or for very hard water where phosphate buffers may pose an algae or cloudiness problem. Alkaline Buffer raises pH and buffers between 7.2 and 8.5. It is gentle, safe, and enhances the freshwater environment.

FEATURES:

Adjusts pH to 7.2—8.5
Designed for use in planted aquariums
Increases alkalinity
Contains no phosphate

DIRECTIONS:
To increase pH, use 1 teaspoon (6 g) for every 80 L (20 US gallons) daily until desired pH is reached (this dose raises alkalinity by about 1 meq/L (2.8 dKH)).